BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES Q BANK

BREATHING AND EXCHANGE OF GASES Q BANK (RESPIRATION) Question and answer based on strictly latest NCERT based pattern, and previous year NEET (AIPMT) question. chapter wise approach mcq is more useful for quick revision and increase speed for maintaining time period.

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MCQ:-

Q1) Lungs are made up of air-filled sacs, the alveoli. They do not collapse even after forceful expiration, because of:  (NEET 2017)

Residual volume (RV)
Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)
Tidal Volume (TV)
Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)


Answer- Residual Volume (RV)


Q2) Name the chronic respiratory disorder caused mainly by cigarette smoking  (NEET 2016,PHASE I)

Astma
Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Emphysema


Answer- Emphysema


Q3) Reduction in pH of blood will   (NEET 2016, PHASE I)

Resuce the blood supply to the brain
Decrease the affinity of haemoglobin with oxygen
Release bicarbonate ions by the liver
Reduce the rate of heart beat


Answer- Decrease the affinity of haemoglobin with oxygen


Q4) Lungs do not collapse between breaths & some air always remains in the lungs which can never be expelled because  (NEET 2016,PHASE II)

There is a negative pressure in the lungs
There is a negative intrapleural pressure pulling at the lung walls
There is a positive intrapleural pressure
Pressure in the lungs is higher than the atmospheric pressure


Answer- There is a negative intrapleural pressure pulling at the lung walls



Q5) The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli of the lungs is  (NEET 2016, PHASE II)

Equal to that in the blood
More than that in the blood
Less than that in the blood
Less than that of carbon dioxide


Answer- More than that in the blood


Q6) Name the pulmonary disease in which alveolar surface area involved in gas exchange is drastically reduced due to damage in the alveolar walls.  (CBSE AIPMT 2015)

Pleurisy
Emphysema
Pneumonia
Asthma


Answer- Emphysema


Q7) Approximately seventy percent of carbon dioxide absorbed by the blood will be transported to the lungs  (CBSE AIPMT 2014)

As bicarbonate ions
In the form of dissolved gas molecules
By binding to RBC
As carbaminohaemoglobin


Answer- As bicarbonate ions


Q8) The figure shows a  diagrammatic view of human respiratory system with labels A,B,C & D. Select the option, which gives correct identification & main function &/or characteristic  (NEET 2013)

A- trachea- long tube supported by complete cartilaginous rings for conducting inspired air
B-pleural membrane-surround ribs on both sides to provide cushion against rubbing
C-alveoli-thin walled vascular bag-like structures for exchange of gases
D-lower end of lungs-diaphragm pulls it down during inspiration


Answer- C-alveoli-thin walled vascular bag-like structures for exchange of gases



Q9) Which one of the following i the correct statement for respiration in humans?  (CBSE AIPMT 2012)

Cigarette smoking may lead to inflammation of bronchi
Neural signals from pneumotoxic centre in pons region of brain can increase the duration of inspiration
Workers in grinding & stone breaking industries may suffer, from lung fibrosis
About 90% of carbondioxide (CO₂) is carried by haemoglobin as carbamino haemoglobin


Answer- Workers in grinding & stone breaking induatries may suffer, from lung fibrosis


Q10) People who have migrated from the planes to an area adjoining Rohtang pass about six months back  (CBSE AIPMT 2012)

Have more RBCs & their haemoglobin has a lower binding affinity to O₂
Are not physically fit to play games like football
Suffer from altitude sickness with symptoms like nausea, fatigue etc
Have the usual RBC count but their haemoglobin has very high binding affinity to O₂


Answer- Have more RBCs & their haemoglobin has a lower binding affinity to O₂


Q11) Two friends are eating together on a dining table. One of them suddenly starts coughing while swallowing some food. This coughing would have been due to improper movement of (CBSE AIPMT 2011)

Diaphragm
Neck
Tongue
Epiglottis


Answer- Epiglottis



Q12) The figure given below shows a small part of human lung where exchange of gas takes place. In which one of the options given below, the one part  A,B,C or D is correctly identified along with its function?  (CBSE AIPMT 2011)

                                             Respiratory gases

 D – Capillary wall – exchange of gases takes
                                              Place here

B – Red blood cell – transport of mainly
                                       Haemoglobin

C – Arterial capillary – passes oxygen to tissues


Answer- A – Alveolar cavity-main site of exchange of  Respiratory gases





Q13) Listed below are four respiratory capacities (1-4) & four jumbled respiratory volumes of a normal human adult

      Respiratory                              Respiratory
Capacities                                  Volumes

Residual volume                                2500mL
Vital capacity                                      3500mL
Inspiratory reserve volume                1200mL
Inspiratory capacity                           4500mL
Which one of the following is the correct matching of two capacities & volumes?  (CBSE AIPMT 2010)

(2) 2500mL  (3) 4500mL
(3) 1200mL  (4) 2500mL
(4) 3500mL  (1) 1200mL
(1) 4500mL  (2) 3500mL


Answer- (4) 3500mL  (1) 1200mL


Q14) Which two of th following changes (1-4) usually tend to occur in the plain dwellers when they move to high altitudes (3,500m or more)?
Increase in red blood cell size
Increase in red blood cell production
Increased breathing rate
Increased in thrombocyte count
Changes occurring are
(CBSE AIPMT 2010)

2&3
3&4
1&4
1&2


Answer- 2&3


Q15) The haemoglobin of a human foetus   (CBSE AIPMT 2008)

Has a lower affinity for oxygen than that of the adult
Its affinity for oxygen is same as that of an adult
Has only 2 protein sub-units instead of 4
Has a higher affinity for oxygen than that of an adult


Answer- Has a higher affinity for oxygen than that of an adult


Q16) What is the vital capacity of our lungs?   (CBSE AIPMT 2008)

Inspiratory reserve volume plus tidal volume
Total lung capacity minus expiratory reserve volume
Inspiratory reserve volume plus expiratory reserve volume
Total lung capacity minus residual volume


Answer- Total lung capacity minus residual volume


Q17) People living at sea level have around 5million RBC per cubic milimeter of their blood whereas those living at an altitude of 5400 metre have around 8million. This is because of high altitude  (CBSE AIPMT 2006)

Atmospheric O₂ level is less & hence, more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of O₂ to survive
There is more UV radiation which enhances RBC production
People eat more nutritive food, therefore, more RBCs are formed
People get pollution-free air to breathe & more oxygen is available


Answer- Atmospheric O₂ level is less & hence, more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of O₂ to survive



Q18) Blood analysis of a patient reveals of an  unusually high quantity of carboxyhaemoglobin content. Which of the following conclusions is most likely to be correct?  (CBSE AIPMT 2004)

The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing unusually high content of carbon disulphide
The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing unusually high content of chloroform
The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing unusually high content of carbon dioxide
The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing unusually high content of carbon monoxide


Answer- The patient has been inhaling polluted air containing unusually high content of carbon monoxide





Q19) When CO₂ concentration in blood increases, breathing becomes (CBSE AIPMT 2004)

Shallower & slow
There is no effect on breathing
Slow & deep
Faster & deeper


Answer- Faster & deeper


Q20) The process of migration of chloride ions from plasma to RBC & of carbonate ions from RBC to plasma is   (CBSE AIPMT 1999)

Chloride shift
Ionic shift
Atomic shift
Na⁺pump


Answer- Chloride shift





Q21) Which one of the following organs in the body is most affected due to shortage of oxygen? (CBSE AIPMT 1999)

Intestinehuman
Skin
Kidney
Brain


Answer-Brain





Q22) The exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lungs takes place by (CBSE AIPMT 1998)

Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport
Passive transport


Answer- Simple diffusion





Q23) In alveoli of the lungs, the air at the site of gas exchange, is separated from the blood by  (CBSE AIPMT 1997)

Alveolar epithelium only
Alveolar epithelium & capillary endothelium
Alveolar epithelium, capillary endothelium & tunica adventitia
Alveolar epithelium, capillary endothelium, a thin layer of tunica media & tunica adventitia


Answer- Alveolar epithelium & Capillary endothelium





Q24) Which one of the following statements about blood constituents & transport of respiratory gases is most accurate?  (CBSE AIPMT 1996)

RBCs transport oxygen whereas WBCs transport CO₂
RBCs transport oxygen whereas plasma transport only CO₂
RBCs as well as WBCs transport both oxygen & CO₂
RBCs as well as plasma transport both oxygen & CO₂


Answer- RBCs as well as plasma transport both oxygen & CO₂





Q25) The quantity 1500mL in the respiratory volumes of a normal human adult refers to  (CBSE AIPMT 1996)

Maximum air that can be breathed in & breathed out
Residual volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Total lung capacity


Answer- residual volume





Q26) At high altitude, the RBCs in the human blood will  (CBSE AIPMT 1995)

Increase in size
Decrease in size
Increase in number
Decrease in number


Answer- Increase in number





Q27) The carbon dioxide is transported via blood to lungs as  (CBSE AIPMT 1995)

Dissolved in blood plasma
In the form of carbonic acid only
In combination with haemoglobin only
Carbaminohaemoglobin & as carbonic acid


Answer- Carbaminohaemoglobin & as carbonic acid





Q28) Although much CO₂ is carried in blood, yet blood does not become acidic, because  (CBSE AIPMT 1995)

It is absorbed by the leucocytes
Blood buffers play an important role in CO₂ transport
It combines with water to form H₂CO₃ which is neutralised by Na₂CO₃
It is continuously diffused through tissues & is not allowed to accumulate


Answer- Blood buffers play an important role in CO₂ transport





Q29) Air is breathed through  (CBSE AIPMT 1994)

Trachea – lungs – larynx – pharynx – alveoli
Nose – larynx – pharynx – bronchus – alveoli – bronchioles
Nostrils – pharynx – larynx – trachea – bronchi – bronchioles – alveoli
Nose – mouth – lungs


Answer- Nostrils- pharynx – larynx – tracha – bronchi – bronchioles –alveoli





Q30) Oxygen dissociation curve of haemoglobin is  (CBSE AIPMT 1994)

Sigmoid
Hyperbolic
Linear
Hypobolic


Answer- Sigmoid





Q31) Carbon dioxide is transported from tissues to respiratory surface by only  (CBSE AIPMT 1993)

Plasma & erythrocytes
Plasma
Erythrocytes
Erythrocytes & leucocytes


Answer- Plasm & erythrocytes





Q32) Carbonic anhydrase occurs in  (CBSE AIPMT 1991)

Lymphocytes
Blood plasma
RBC
Leucocytes


Answer- RBC


Q33) Skin is an accessory organ of respiration in (CBSE AIPMT 1990)

Human
Frog
Rabbit
Lizard


Answer- Frog


Q34) The alveolar epithelium in the lung is  (CBSE AIPMT 1990)

Non-ciliated columnar
Non-ciliated squamous
Ciliated columnar
Ciliated squamous


Answer- Non-ciliated squamous